Main Historical Events in Porto
- Roman Founding: Porto was founded during the Roman period around the 4th century BC, under the name Portus Cale.
- Moorish Conquest: In the 8th century, Porto was captured by the Moors and remained under Islamic rule until the Christian reconquest in the 11th century.
- Battle of São Mamede: In 1128, the Battle of São Mamede took place near Porto, marking a significant event in the Portuguese struggle for independence from the Kingdom of León.
- Porto Cathedral Construction: The construction of Porto Cathedral, known as Sé do Porto, began in the 12th century and continued throughout the following centuries, becoming a symbol of the city's religious and architectural heritage.
- Port Wine Trade: In the 18th century, Porto became renowned for its production and export of Port wine. This trade contributed significantly to the city's economic growth and cultural influence.
- French Invasions: Porto experienced two French invasions in the early 19th century during the Napoleonic Wars. These events led to significant destruction in the city and sparked resistance movements against French occupation.
- Industrial Revolution: With the advent of the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century, Porto developed as a major industrial center, particularly in textile manufacturing and coal extraction.
- Portuguese Republic: On October 5, 1910, the Portuguese Republic was proclaimed in Porto, marking the end of the monarchy and the beginning of a new political era in Portugal.
- Bridge Collapse: In 1944, the Dom Luís I Bridge in Porto collapsed due to structural failure, causing several casualties. The bridge was subsequently rebuilt and is now one of Porto's iconic landmarks.
- European Capital of Culture: In 2001, Porto was designated as the European Capital of Culture, showcasing its rich cultural heritage and artistic contributions to Europe.